Civic Literacy Practice Test 2026 - Free Civic Literacy Questions and Study Guide

The Declaration of Independence is the key document that officially declares the independence of the United States from Great Britain. Drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted on July 4, 1776, it articulates the colonies' grievances against King George III and emphasizes the principles of individual liberties and the right to self-governance. This document is foundational to American democracy as it not only asserts the colonies' intention to break away but also establishes the philosophical underpinnings of the nation, including the belief that governments derive their power from the consent of the governed.

In contrast, the Constitution is the framework for the government of the United States and was created after independence had already been declared. The Articles of Confederation served as the first constitution for the newly independent states but were found to be inadequate and later replaced by the Constitution. The Bill of Rights, which comprises the first ten amendments to the Constitution, was introduced to guarantee certain fundamental rights and freedoms, but it does not pertain to the declaration of independence itself.